The future of renewable energy in Cameroon

As the world increasingly turns to more sustainable energy sources, Cameroon is positioning itself as a key player in the energy transition. With its abundant natural resources and growing commitment to renewable energy, the country is poised to play a leading role in Africa’s energy future.

The potential of renewable energies in Cameroon

Cameroon has considerable potential for renewable energy, particularly in the areas of hydroelectricity, solar energy and biomass. With its numerous rivers and favourable climatic conditions, the country is well placed to take advantage of these resources.

Hydroelectricity, a driving force

Cameroon is endowed with numerous rivers and streams, offering immense hydroelectric potential. Currently, hydroelectricity represents the country's main source of renewable energy, providing nearly 75% of its electricity production. Ambitious projects, such as the construction of the Lom Pangar dam, are helping to increase this capacity and meet the growing demand for electricity.

Solar energy, an abundant resource

With an average sunshine of 5.2 kWh/m²/day, Cameroon benefits from a strong solar potential, particularly in the northern and eastern regions of the country. Although the use of solar energy is still limited, government initiatives and private investments are beginning to develop, paving the way for greater exploitation of this resource.

Biomass, a local energy source

Cameroon also has significant biomass resources, including from agriculture, forestry and urban waste. This renewable energy can be used to produce heat, electricity or biofuels, thus offering new opportunities for local development.

The challenges to be met

Although Cameroon has strong potential in renewable energy, several challenges must be overcome to ensure its large-scale development.

Infrastructure and investments

One of the main challenges is the lack of adequate infrastructure, particularly in electricity transmission and distribution networks. Massive investments are needed to modernise and expand this infrastructure, in order to enable better integration of renewable energy into the national energy system.

Regulatory and policy framework

Another challenge is the need to establish a regulatory and political framework that is conducive to the development of renewable energies. This requires the adoption of incentive policies, clear regulations and adequate financial support to attract private investment.

Access to electricity in rural areas

Finally, access to electricity in rural areas of Cameroon remains a major challenge. Renewable energy, including off-grid solar solutions, can play a critical role in bridging this gap and enabling more equitable electrification of the country.

The future of renewable energy in Cameroon

Despite these challenges, Cameroon is well positioned to become a leader in the field of renewable energy in Africa. With strong political will, strategic investments and mobilization of all stakeholders, the country can meet these challenges and take full advantage of its immense potential.

An ambitious energy transition

The Cameroonian government has already taken significant steps to promote the development of renewable energy. The goal is to achieve a 25% share of renewable energy in the national energy mix by 2035. This commitment is reflected in massive investments in hydroelectric, solar and biomass projects.

Opportunities for businesses and investors

This energy transition opens up many opportunities for companies and investors, both national and international. Tax incentives, public-private partnerships and support programs facilitate the entry of new players into this growing market.

Benefits for local communities

Beyond the economic stakes, the development of renewable energies in Cameroon also brings social and environmental benefits. Access to electricity in rural areas, the creation of green jobs and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are all advantages that improve the quality of life of local communities.

Conclusion

Cameroon is at a critical juncture in its energy transition. With its immense potential for renewable energy, the country has the opportunity to become a model of sustainable development in Africa. By addressing current challenges and continuing its efforts, Cameroon can not only ensure its energy independence, but also contribute to the fight against climate change and improving the living conditions of its population.